1. Definition and parameter range of medium temperature and medium pressure

Medium temperature and medium pressure is a key parameter system in the field of industrial thermal energy. Its temperature range is usually defined as 150℃ to 300℃, and its pressure range is 0.6MPa to 4.0MPa. This parameter range is widely used in industrial scenarios. For example, in the drying and setting devices and hot melt dyeing devices in the textile printing and dyeing industry, medium temperature and medium pressure steam can provide a stable heat source; in the chemical industry, the heat energy of this parameter can be used for distillation, evaporation and other process processes; in the food processing industry, medium temperature and medium pressure steam can meet the needs of sterilization and drying. Its core value lies in the precise control of temperature and pressure to achieve efficient conversion and utilization of energy, avoid equipment loss and safety hazards caused by high temperature and high pressure, and avoid insufficient utilization of heat energy caused by low temperature and low pressure.

2. Typical application scenarios of medium temperature and medium pressure technology

Industrial waste heat recovery and power regeneration
In heavy industrial fields such as steel and fertilizer, a large amount of medium temperature and medium pressure waste gas is generated during the production process. For example, a small fertilizer plant with an annual output of 10,000 tons has an exhaust gas flow rate of 450m³/h (under standard conditions) and a calorific value of 14,600kJ/m³ (under standard conditions). After voltage stabilization measures, the exhaust gas can directly drive a 200kW gas turbine, and the exhaust gas of the gas turbine can also be used as a heat source for a waste heat boiler to produce 0.3MPa saturated steam. It is estimated that such a waste heat power recovery system can recover all investments within three years, significantly reducing the energy consumption costs of enterprises. Steam supply and process heating
Medium-temperature medium-pressure steam is the "blood" of industrial production. In the printing and dyeing industry, traditional thermal oil furnaces have problems such as low operating efficiency, high energy consumption, and high failure rate. Medium-temperature medium-pressure steam boilers can replace thermal oil furnaces and provide a stable heat source for drying and setting devices, hot melt dyeing devices and other equipment. Taking a 10-ton medium-temperature medium-pressure gas boiler as an example, its thermal efficiency can reach more than 90%, which is 15%-20% higher than that of a thermal oil furnace, while reducing exhaust gas emissions by more than 30%. In the field of food processing, medium-temperature and medium-pressure steam can be used for processes such as sterilization and drying to ensure product quality while reducing energy consumption.

Thermodynamic equilibrium in refrigeration systems
The medium-temperature and medium-pressure parameters are also critical in the field of refrigeration. For example, R22 refrigerant (chlorodifluoromethane) is a typical medium-pressure and medium-temperature refrigerant with a boiling point of -40.8°C, a critical temperature of 96°C, and a critical pressure of 4.974MPa. In air-conditioning refrigeration systems, R22 realizes the refrigeration cycle through compression, condensation, expansion, evaporation and other processes. The condensation process requires the conversion of high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into medium-temperature and medium-pressure liquid. This process directly depends on the control of medium-temperature and medium-pressure parameters. In addition, R410A refrigerant (a mixture of R32 and R125) is a substitute for R22. Its operating pressure is 50%-60% higher than that of R22, but by optimizing the system design, efficient refrigeration can still be achieved within the medium-temperature and medium-pressure range.

3. Economic and environmental benefits of medium-temperature medium-pressure technology

Energy cost optimization
Take a chemical enterprise as an example. After using medium-temperature medium-pressure steam boilers to replace traditional thermal oil boilers, it saves about 2,000 tons of standard coal and reduces carbon dioxide emissions by more than 5,000 tons per year. At the same time, the thermal efficiency of the medium-temperature medium-pressure system is 10%-15% higher than that of the low-temperature low-pressure system, further reducing the energy consumption per unit product.

Extended equipment life
The medium-temperature medium-pressure parameters can reduce equipment thermal stress and reduce material fatigue damage. For example, in the field of waste incineration power generation, the superheater material requirements of medium-temperature medium-pressure boilers (400℃, 4.0MPa) are lower than those of medium-temperature sub-high-pressure boilers (450℃, 6.5MPa), and the equipment maintenance cost is reduced by 20%-30%.

Enhanced environmental compliance
The medium-temperature medium-pressure technology can reduce the emission of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur dioxide (SO₂). For example, by optimizing combustion control, the NOx emission concentration of medium-temperature medium-pressure boilers can be controlled below 50mg/m³, meeting the national ultra-low emission standards.

4. Future development trend of medium temperature and medium pressure technology

Intelligent control upgrade
With the development of industrial Internet technology, medium temperature and medium pressure systems will achieve real-time monitoring and intelligent control. For example, by collecting temperature, pressure, flow and other parameters through sensor networks and optimizing the combustion process with AI algorithms, the system thermal efficiency can be further improved by 5%-8%. New energy coupling application
Medium temperature and medium pressure technology can be combined with new energy such as solar energy and biomass energy. For example, in the field of solar thermal power generation, medium temperature and medium pressure heat storage systems can solve the problem of intermittent solar energy and achieve 24-hour continuous power supply.

Low-carbon refrigerant substitution
With the implementation of the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, traditional refrigerants such as R22 will be gradually eliminated. Medium temperature and medium pressure refrigeration systems need to transform to low-carbon refrigerants such as R290 (propane) and R744 (carbon dioxide). For example, the GWP value of R290 is less than 20, which is more than 99% lower than that of R22, but its flammability and explosion problems need to be solved. Safe application can be achieved by optimizing system design (such as limiting the injection volume and using explosion-proof motors).

5. Conclusion

As the core engine of industrial energy conservation and efficient energy utilization, the value of medium-temperature and medium-pressure technology is not only reflected in parameter optimization and equipment upgrades, but also in promoting the green transformation of the industry. From power regeneration of waste heat recovery to thermodynamic equilibrium of refrigeration systems, from process heating of chemical production to coupling application of new energy, medium-temperature and medium-pressure technology is reshaping the paradigm of industrial energy utilization with its "precision, efficiency and low carbon" characteristics. In the future, with the breakthrough of intelligent control and low-carbon refrigerant technology, medium-temperature and medium-pressure technology will play a greater role in the global energy transformation and provide key support for building a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system.

1. Technical breakthroughs in boiler energy efficiency improvement

Technical breakthroughs in flue gas waste heat recovery
Three-dimensional finned tube technology: through three-dimensional internal and external finned tubes to enhance heat exchange, significantly improve the efficiency of flue gas waste heat utilization. After the State Power Investment Group Guizhou Jinyuan Qianxi Power Plant adopted this technology, the boiler efficiency was improved, and carbon emissions were reduced by about 331,780 tons per year.
Both anti-blocking and energy saving: This technology effectively solves the problems of low-temperature corrosion, ash accumulation and blockage of air preheaters, while reducing incomplete combustion losses and greatly improving the stability of the unit. Medium and high temperature waste water waste heat recovery technology
Near-zero emission technology: The boiler medium and high temperature waste water waste heat recovery technology developed by Hangzhou Wandes Environmental Protection Technology combines waste water waste heat recovery with sewage treatment, with a water resource recovery rate of more than 99% and a waste heat recovery rate of more than 95%.
Significant economic benefits: After Jiangxi Yongguan Technology applied this technology, it saved more than 240,000 tons of water, about 2,000 tons of standard coal, and reduced CO₂ emissions by about 5,000 tons per year.

2. Policy dynamics of the boiler industry

Action plan for green, low-carbon and high-quality development
Energy efficiency target: The National Development and Reform Commission and other departments require that by 2025, the average operating thermal efficiency of industrial boilers and power station boilers will increase by 5 percentage points and 0.5 percentage points respectively compared with 2021.
Policy support: Coordinate the arrangement of ultra-long-term special treasury bond funds, support boiler renewal and transformation, and promote the low-carbon transformation and construction of coal-fired power.
Biomass boiler classification management policy
Elimination of small and inefficient boilers: Small biomass boilers below 2 tons are included in the elimination category, and new construction is prohibited in many places and gradually eliminated.
Encourage large and medium-sized boilers: Biomass boilers that meet emission standards are still allowed to operate, and some regions encourage them to be used for cogeneration.

3. Strengthening boiler safety supervision

Safety hazard investigation and rectification
Special rectification action: Market supervision departments in various places carry out boiler safety hazard investigation and rectification, requiring users to implement safety main responsibility and establish a sound boiler use management system.
Safety training: Improve the safety management level of boiler users through business training to ensure the safe operation of equipment.
Safety technical specifications update
The scope of boilers exempted from inspection is clarified: According to the latest "Boiler Safety Technical Regulations", steam boilers with a designed normal water level water volume of less than 30L or a rated steam pressure of less than 0.1MPa are exempt from inspection.
Safety accessory requirements: Boilers must be equipped with safety accessories such as safety valves, pressure gauges, thermometers, etc., and inspected and maintained regularly.

4. Development trend of boiler industry

Intelligence and digitalization
Remote monitoring and intelligent optimization: Real-time monitoring of boiler operation data, optimization of combustion efficiency through big data analysis, and reduction of energy consumption and emissions.
Predictive maintenance: Use Internet of Things technology to achieve equipment failure warning, reduce downtime, and improve operation reliability.
Clean energy substitution
Natural gas and electric energy substitution: In key air pollution prevention and control areas, natural gas and electric energy boilers gradually replace coal-fired boilers to reduce pollutant emissions.
Hydrogen boiler research and development: Some companies have begun to explore hydrogen boiler technology to promote the boiler industry to develop in the direction of zero carbon emissions.

5. Typical case analysis

Industrial boiler energy-saving transformation Case: A chemical company replaced a 2-ton coal-fired boiler with three 0.38-ton/hour modular steam generators, saving 460,000 yuan in fuel costs and 150,000 yuan in monitoring and inspection costs per year.
Technical advantages: Modular design supports multiple joint supply, adapts to different production capacity requirements, and realizes exemption from installation approval, monitoring and inspection, and annual inspection.

1. Technical principle: thermal energy conversion between high-voltage electricity and water

The high-voltage electrode boiler uses the conductive properties of water to achieve efficient heating by directly passing 6-35 kV high-voltage electricity into water. Its core mechanisms include:

Water resistance heating: Pure water is not conductive, and electrolytes need to be added to increase conductivity. When current passes through the water body, Joule heat is generated, and 100% of the electrical energy is converted into thermal energy.

Stepless regulation: By frequency conversion to control the circulating water volume or electrode contact area, 10%-100% load stepless regulation is achieved, the response time is as short as 5 seconds, and the delay of 20-30 seconds can achieve stable output.

Structural classification:

Immersion type: The electrode is directly immersed in water and needs to be insulated. It is suitable for low conductivity (100μs/cm) scenarios and low steam salt content.
Jet type: Water is sprayed to the electrode through a nozzle, and no boiler cylinder insulation is required. It is suitable for high conductivity (1700μs/cm) scenarios and has a large circulating water volume.

2. Technical advantages: high efficiency, flexibility, and low carbon

High efficiency and energy saving: thermal efficiency is over 99.5%, there is no superheater steam emission loss of traditional boilers, and the startup is fast (it only takes tens of minutes from cold to full load).

Space and cost optimization: the power of a single unit can reach 80MW, and the volume is only 1/10 of the traditional boiler of the same power, eliminating the low-voltage transformer and reducing the initial investment.

Environmental protection and safety: no combustion emissions, adopting a neutral point ungrounded design to avoid arc risks, equipped with more than 10 protection functions such as overtemperature, pressure, and three-phase imbalance.

Grid friendly: Utilize valley electricity through heat storage mode, balance peak and valley loads, and help renewable energy consumption.

3. Application scenarios: full coverage from industry to people's livelihood

Thermal power peak regulation and nuclear power assistance:

In Lingwu Power Plant, Ningxia, 12 50MW electrode boilers have achieved the world's largest electric boiler installation, meeting the emergency heating needs of 700,000 households. Provide auxiliary boilers for the first phase of CGN Zhaoyuan Nuclear Power Project to replace imported equipment and ensure the safety of nuclear power unit startup.
Clean heating:
The Dunhuang renewable energy heating project is equipped with 4 40MW electrode boilers, covering a heating area of ​​1.5 million square meters and providing heating to 38,000 people.
The Shanghai Lingang Science and Technology Headquarters Bay project uses 2 6MW electrode boilers, combined with a heat pump system, to achieve regional combined cooling and heating.
Industrial heat utilization:
The Huayu Wine Project uses a 10.5MW electrode boiler + 650m³ energy storage device to reduce brewing energy consumption and improve economic benefits.
In the production of lithium battery diaphragms for new energy vehicles, 5MW electrode boilers meet the demand for high-purity steam and help industrial upgrading.
Minerals and Chemicals:
The Shenhua Coal Bulianta Project uses 2 3.85MW electrode boilers to solve the heating needs in the mine water standard improvement and treatment.
The Longxing Mining Project deploys 2 24MW electrode boilers to support the clean heat use of the fluorine chemical industry chain.

4. Technological breakthroughs and industry recognition

Domestic substitution: The high-voltage electrode boiler independently developed by China Energy Construction Hangzhou Huayuan Frontline fills the domestic gap, obtains 1 invention patent and 17 utility model patents, and is selected into the recommended catalog of energy-saving technologies of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.
Scaled application: Cumulative supply of more than 200 units (sets), with a total power of more than 5,000MW, covering 23 provinces across the country. Typical projects include Zhangye 4 million square meters of thermal storage heating cluster, Changchun Wure 3×40MW thermal power peak regulation project, etc.
International benchmarking: The technical parameters are comparable to international brands such as the US CB boiler, but with lower costs and faster response, becoming a Chinese business card in the "Belt and Road" energy cooperation.

5. Future Outlook: "Thermal Power Hub" in the Zero-Carbon Era

With the advancement of the "Dual Carbon" goal, high-voltage electrode boilers will continue to exert their strength in the following areas:

Photothermal energy storage: Provide 45MW molten salt electric heaters for the 1GW photothermal + photovoltaic project in Turpan, Xinjiang, to improve peak capacity and energy storage efficiency.
Low-carbon park: Through the "green electricity + electrode boiler + heat storage" model, the park achieves cogeneration and promotes the construction of zero-carbon factories.
Hydrogen energy coupling: Explore the coordinated operation of water electrolysis hydrogen production and electrode boilers to build an "electricity-heat-hydrogen" comprehensive energy system.
High-voltage electrode boilers are not only an innovation in heating technology, but also a key fulcrum for the low-carbon transformation of the energy system. Its high efficiency, flexibility and safety are reshaping the energy utilization methods of industry and people's livelihood.

1. Core technology and performance parameters

Thermal efficiency and energy-saving design
Thermal efficiency exceeds 96%: through membrane water-cooled wall, large furnace structure and economizer configuration, the exhaust gas temperature is significantly reduced and the thermal energy utilization rate is improved.
Condensation waste heat recovery: Some models use spiral fin tube condensation economizers to further recover flue gas waste heat, and the thermal efficiency can reach more than 98%.
Low nitrogen combustion technology
NOx emission ≤30mg/m³: Using staged combustion and FGR flue gas recirculation technology, nitrogen oxide emissions are far lower than national standards, meeting the requirements of strict environmental protection areas such as Beijing.
Fully premixed combustion system: fuel and air are fully mixed, combustion is more complete, heat load is uniform, and NOx generation in local high-temperature areas is reduced.
Structural and safety design
Three-pass water-fire tube structure: strengthen radiation and convection heat exchange, extend flue gas process, and improve thermal efficiency.
Full wet back downstream design: corrugated furnace and threaded smoke pipe enhance structural strength, adapt to thermal expansion, and reduce stress concentration risks.
Multiple safety protections: overpressure interlocking protection, water level alarm, automatic sewage discharge, and safety valve linkage to ensure safe operation.

2. Application scenarios and industry adaptation

Industrial heating and steam demand
Chemical industry: Chongqing Changyuan Chemical uses SZS20-1.6-Q low-nitrogen boilers to provide stable steam for permanganate production, meeting the needs of high-end fields such as military industry and medicine.
Building materials industry: wood processing, ceramic production and other scenarios rely on the efficient heating of low-nitrogen boilers to reduce pollutant emissions.
Civil and commercial heating
Large building heating: hospitals, office buildings, residential communities, etc. use 20-ton boilers for centralized heating to reduce operating costs.
Aquaculture and agriculture: greenhouses and livestock farms use boilers to adjust temperatures to promote crop growth and animal health.
Special scenario adaptation
Highland and low temperature environment: The boiler design adapts to high altitude and low pressure conditions to ensure combustion stability.
Distributed energy system: Combined with photovoltaics and energy storage, a low-carbon heating network is built.

3. Operation cost and economic benefit

Fuel consumption and cost
Natural gas consumption: When running at full load, the gas consumption per hour is about 1400m³, calculated at 3.4 yuan/m³, and the fuel cost is about 4760 yuan/hour.
Electricity and water costs: The total power of the water pump and burner is about 52kW, the electricity cost is about 52 yuan/hour; the water cost is about 79.2 yuan/hour (considering 1.1 times the water loss).
Maintenance and labor costs
Low failure rate design: The automated control system reduces manual intervention, and the annual maintenance cost is about 12,000 yuan, equivalent to 33 yuan per hour.
Labor cost: Two-shift boiler operator configuration, labor cost is about 8.3 yuan/hour.
Comprehensive cost and return
Total operating cost: about 4932.5 yuan/hour, annual operating cost is about 4.3 million yuan (calculated at 8000 hours/year).
Investment payback period: Compared with traditional boilers, energy saving is more than 10%, and the equipment upgrade cost can be recovered in 3-5 years.

4. Selection and purchasing suggestions

Technical parameter comparison
WNS series: horizontal three-pass structure, thermal efficiency 91%-95%, suitable for small and medium-sized projects.
SZS series: double drum D-type layout, thermal efficiency above 98%, suitable for large-scale industry and centralized heating.
Supplier selection
Zhengzhou Boiler Factory: WNS14-1.0/95/70-Q model, price about 130,000 yuan/unit, customized service provided.
Yuanda Boiler: CWNS series fully premixed low-nitrogen boiler, supports IoT remote monitoring, thermal efficiency 98%, price range 28,800-598,000 yuan/unit.
Policies and subsidies
Environmental protection subsidies: Some regions provide 30%-50% equipment subsidies for low-nitrogen boiler transformation.
Tax incentives: The purchase of energy-saving equipment can enjoy corporate income tax exemption.

5. Future development trends

Intelligence and digitalization
AI predictive maintenance: through sensors and big data analysis, early warning of equipment failure.
Blockchain energy management: realize transparency of heating data and optimize energy distribution.
Hydrogen energy fusion technology
Hydrogen blending: Some boilers already support 10%-20% hydrogen blending, gradually transitioning to zero-carbon heating.
Pure hydrogen burner research and development: Break through technical bottlenecks such as hydrogen combustion backfire and detonation.
Modular and distributed
Miniaturized design: A single 20-ton boiler can be split into multiple 5-ton modules to flexibly adapt to different load requirements.
Microgrid integration: Collaborate with photovoltaics and energy storage to build a regional low-carbon heating network.

Conclusion

The 20-ton low-nitrogen boiler has become a core equipment in the field of industrial and civil heating with its advantages of high efficiency and energy saving, environmental protection compliance, safety and reliability. In the future, with the breakthrough of intelligent and hydrogen energy fusion technology, its application scenarios will be further expanded to help achieve the "dual carbon" goal.

1. Policy and standard updates: Stricter supervision of boiler air pollutant emissions

Zhejiang Province's "Boiler Air Pollutant Emission Standards" (DB33/1415-2025) is fully implemented
Scope of application: covers coal-fired and biomass-fired boilers with a single output of 65t/h or less, as well as oil-fired and gas-fired boilers of all capacities.
Emission limits are tightened: the emission limits of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, mercury and their compounds are stricter than the national standards, and ammonia emission concentration indicators are added.
Unorganized emission control: closed management of fuel storage, unloading, transportation and other links is required to reduce dust pollution.
Implementation node: Newly built boilers will be implemented from May 1, and in-use boilers will be implemented from October 1.
The boiler safety improvement action plan continues to advance
Key tasks: Strengthen self-inspection and self-correction by users, market access supervision, installation quality rectification, personnel training and assessment, etc.
Time node: Complete self-inspection and self-correction before May, and the market supervision department will carry out special inspections simultaneously.

2. Technological frontier: high efficiency, energy saving and low carbon transformation

Technical upgrade of circulating fluidized bed boiler (CFB) High efficiency and low emission: low nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions (≤50mg/m³) and ultra-low sulfur dioxide (SO₂) emissions (≤35mg/m³) can be achieved by optimizing burners, separators and tail temperature control technologies.
Wide fuel adaptability: coal slime, coal gangue and other low calorific value fuels can be mixed, with a mixing ratio of 70%, promoting the clean use of coal resources.
Technical breakthrough of ultra-supercritical secondary reheat boiler
Parameters and efficiency: boiler outlet steam temperature reaches 620℃/633℃/633℃, power generation thermal efficiency exceeds 50%, and power supply coal consumption is reduced to 256.28g/kWh.
Emission reduction benefits: 350,000 tons of standard coal are saved annually compared with conventional units, and 945,000 tons of carbon dioxide emissions are reduced.
Intelligent and digital applications
Remote monitoring and fault diagnosis: The Internet of Things technology is used to realize real-time transmission of boiler operation data, and predictive maintenance reduces the risk of downtime.
Energy management system optimization: Combine AI algorithms to dynamically adjust combustion parameters and improve overall energy efficiency.

3. Industry challenges and response suggestions

Balance between environmental pressure and cost
Enterprises need to increase investment in denitrification, desulfurization and dust removal equipment, and explore fuel substitution and waste heat recovery technologies.
Enhance both safety and energy efficiency
Implement the boiler safety improvement action plan, strengthen personnel training and operation management, and promote intelligent monitoring systems.
Policy compliance and technological innovation
Pay attention to the update of local emission standards, plan ultra-low emission transformation in advance, and participate in low-carbon technology demonstration projects.

Conclusion:

The boiler industry on May 27 showed three major characteristics: "stricter policies, technology upgrades, and market expansion". Enterprises need to keep up with environmental protection and safety regulations, accelerate the research and development of efficient energy-saving technologies, and deepen international cooperation to meet the challenges of global energy transformation. In the future, the boiler industry will continue to evolve towards low-carbon, intelligent, and diversified fuels.

1. Basic concepts of electrode boilers

Electrode boilers are electric heating equipment that uses high-voltage electricity to directly heat water, and generate heat through the electrical conductivity between electrodes and water (or conductive media). Its core principle is based on the ionic conductivity effect in the electric field, without the need for traditional heating elements (such as resistance wires), and has the characteristics of high efficiency, environmental protection, and flexible control.

2. Working principle

Ionization conduction:
The water in the electrode boiler needs to have a certain conductivity (usually adjusted by adding electrolytes). Under the action of the high-voltage electric field, the ions in the water move in a directional manner to form a current. When the current passes through the water body, Joule heat (I²R) is generated due to resistance, which directly heats the water in the boiler.
Three-phase power supply and power regulation:
Usually, three-phase AC power supply is used. The power output is controlled by adjusting the depth of the electrode immersed in the water or changing the voltage to achieve fast start and stop and precise temperature control.
Zero emission and environmental protection:
The heating process does not burn, and does not produce pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur dioxide (SO₂), which meets the requirements of low-carbon environmental protection.

3. Core advantages

High efficiency and energy saving:
The thermal efficiency can reach more than 99%, and the energy conversion loss is extremely low, which is suitable for large-scale centralized heating or industrial steam demand.
Fast response speed:
It only takes a few seconds to a few minutes from cold state to full load operation, which is suitable for peak load or intermittent heating scenarios.
Safe and reliable:
No open flames, no high-temperature components, reducing the risk of fire and explosion; the water-electricity separation design avoids the hidden danger of leakage.
Modular design:
Supports multiple units in parallel operation, which is convenient for flexible expansion or reduction according to demand.

4. Application scenarios

Industrial field:
Process steam supply for chemical, pharmaceutical, food and other industries.
Drying, shaping and other heat treatment links in papermaking, textile and other industries.
Commercial and civil heating:
Regional heating systems, hot water and heating for large buildings such as hotels and hospitals.
Clean heating in winter replaces coal-fired boilers.
New energy consumption:
Combined with renewable energy such as wind power and photovoltaic power, the grid load is balanced through "valley electricity heat storage" to improve the utilization rate of renewable energy.
Emergency and backup power supply:
As an emergency heat source guarantee in case of sudden power outage or heating interruption.

5. Technical challenges and development trends

Strict water quality requirements:
The conductivity of water needs to be controlled (usually 0.1-3 μS/cm) to avoid electrode scaling or corrosion, and a matching water treatment system is required.
High voltage safety risk:
The operating voltage is usually 3-35 kV, and electrical safety regulations must be strictly followed to prevent electric shock accidents.
Intelligent upgrade:
Combining Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to achieve remote monitoring, fault warning and energy efficiency optimization.
Material innovation:
Develop high temperature and corrosion resistant electrode materials (such as titanium alloy and graphite) to extend equipment life.

Conclusion

As a representative of clean heating technology, electrode boilers have shown broad application prospects under the background of the "dual carbon" goal with their advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection and flexibility. In the future, with the advancement of materials science and automation control technology, electrode boilers will further reduce costs, improve performance, and help transform the global energy structure.

1. Highlights of boiler technological innovation

Supercritical carbon dioxide boiler commercialization On May 12, an international energy group announced that its first supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO₂) cycle power generation boiler completed a 72-hour continuous operation test, with a power generation efficiency of over 52%, 10 percentage points higher than that of traditional steam turbines. This technology uses CO₂ as a working fluid, and the system volume is reduced by 60%, which is suitable for distributed energy and nuclear energy-industrial coupling scenarios.
Hydrogen mixed-fired boiler enters the industrial verification stage
A German company jointly released a report with a research institute that its 30% hydrogen-mixed coal-fired boiler has achieved stable operation on a 500MW unit, reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions by 40%, and verified the hydrogen burner anti-flashback technology, marking a key step in the transformation of traditional coal-fired power plants to low-carbonization.

2. Safety regulations and risk prevention and control upgrades

AI intelligent monitoring system mandatory standards released
China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute released the "Technical Specifications for Intelligent Safety Monitoring of Boilers" on May 12, requiring that new boilers must be equipped with a multimodal AI early warning system from October 1, 2024, integrating acoustic imaging, infrared thermal imaging and pressure fluctuation analysis, which can warn of furnace tube leakage, coking and other accidents 24 hours in advance, with a false alarm rate of less than 0.5%.
Draft of hydrogen boiler safety standards publicized
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) publicly solicited opinions on the "Guidelines for the Safety Design of Hydrogen Combustion Equipment", focusing on clarifying the application standards of hydrogen embrittlement-resistant materials (such as 316L modified stainless steel) for hydrogen transmission pipelines, and the dynamic control threshold of hydrogen-air mixing ratio (adjustable from 5% to 95%), clearing regulatory obstacles for the large-scale promotion of hydrogen boilers.

3. Energy efficiency improvement and environmental protection policy drive

The new EU boiler energy efficiency regulations take effect
From May 12, the third phase of the EU Industrial Boiler Energy Efficiency Directive was officially implemented, requiring boilers with a rated power >1MW to meet a thermal efficiency of ≥94% (based on low calorific value) and to be equipped with a waste heat recovery device (HRSG). It is expected to promote the European boiler market to condensing and heat pump coupled products.
Breakthrough in carbon capture boiler technology
The MIT team published its results in Nature Energy. The calcium cycle-boiler coupling system it developed achieved a 90% CO₂ capture rate on a 5MW test bench, and the energy consumption cost was 35% lower than the traditional amine method, providing a new path for the negative carbon operation of coal-fired power plants.

4. Market trends and investment trends

Demand for modular boilers surges The Global Data Corporation (IDC) report shows that the order volume of modular boilers in Q1 2024 increased by 68% year-on-year, mainly driven by industries with high requirements for heat source flexibility such as data centers and biomedicine. Leading companies such as Siemens Energy have launched containerized biomass boilers, with a 40-foot unit that can achieve 10MW thermal power and an installation period shortened to 2 weeks.
A surge in orders for hydrogen boilers
On May 12, Japan's Kawasaki Heavy Industries announced that it had received the first order for pure hydrogen fuel boilers in Southeast Asia, which will be used in the Singapore Chemical Park and is expected to be put into operation in 2025. At the same time, domestic company Dongfang Boiler disclosed that it has more than 20 orders for hydrogen boilers on hand, covering high-energy-consuming industries such as steel and cement.

Conclusion

The dynamics of the boiler industry on May 12 showed that technological iteration is accelerating towards low-carbonization, intelligence, and modularization. Companies need to focus on supercritical carbon dioxide circulation, hydrogen co-combustion, and AI safety monitoring technology, while adapting to the increasingly stringent global energy efficiency and emission standards to seize the initiative in a new round of industrial transformation.

1. Highlights of boiler technology innovation in May

Upgrade of high-efficiency and low-nitrogen combustion technology The new water-cooled premixed burner has been put into commercial use. By optimizing the fuel-air mixing ratio, it can achieve nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions below 30mg/m³, which is 40% lower than traditional technology.
Flue gas recirculation (FGR) technology combines AI algorithms to dynamically adjust the circulating air volume, adapt to load fluctuations, and take into account energy saving and environmental protection.
Hydrogen mixed-firing boiler pilot promotion
The first 35MW natural gas-hydrogen mixed-firing boiler in China has completed testing in the chemical park, with a hydrogen blending ratio of 20% and a 7% reduction in carbon emissions, providing technical verification for energy transformation.
Smart boiler system iteration
The digital twin-based boiler life cycle management platform has been launched, integrating sensors, edge computing and cloud analysis, achieving a fault prediction accuracy of 92% and a maintenance cost reduction of 25%.

2. New regulations on boiler safety and operation and maintenance in May

Safety standards strengthened
The State Administration for Market Regulation issued the "Technical Regulations for Boiler Safety (2024 Revised Edition)", which clearly stated that the calibration cycle of overpressure interlock protection devices was shortened from 1 year to 6 months, and the coverage of flaw detection of pressure-bearing parts was increased to 100%.
New requirements for energy efficiency management
The "transient response efficiency" indicator was added to the energy efficiency test of industrial boilers, requiring the efficiency fluctuation of boilers to not exceed 3% when the load suddenly changes (±30% rated load), promoting the research and development of dynamic energy-saving technologies.
Environmental protection supervision is becoming stricter
Many places have launched the pilot project of "ultra-low emission + carbon monitoring" for boiler flue gas, requiring the installation of online monitoring equipment to upload CO₂ emission data in real time, and enterprises that exceed the standard will face daily fines.

3. Insights on boiler market trends in May

Regional policies drive demand
In the final stage of the "coal to gas" in the north, the purchase volume of small gas boilers surged by 60% year-on-year, but some regions turned to biomass boiler transformation due to rising gas prices.
Export market differentiation
Orders in Southeast Asia have grown significantly, and Chinese boiler companies have occupied more than 30% of the local market share with their cost-effective advantages; the European and American markets have tightened carbon tariff policies and increased technical barriers.
Service model innovation
The "Boiler-as-a-Service" (BaaS) model has emerged. Companies have reduced users' initial investment through leasing + energy efficiency sharing models, and promoted the transformation rate of old boilers.

4. Industry experts' suggestions

Technology selection: For new projects, it is recommended to give priority to hydrogen mixed combustion or full premixed combustion technology to avoid future environmental protection policy risks.
Operation and maintenance optimization: Establish a "health file" for boilers, use big data analysis to develop personalized maintenance plans, and avoid excessive maintenance.
Policy response: Pay close attention to local carbon quota allocation rules, plan carbon asset management in advance, and reduce compliance costs.
Data source: China Special Equipment Testing and Research Institute, China Boiler and Boiler Water Treatment Association, and International Energy Agency (IEA) May report.

1. Core Definition of Multi-Energy Smart Heating

Multi-energy smart heating system is a new heating mode that deeply integrates clean energy (such as solar energy, geothermal energy, biomass energy, industrial waste heat), traditional energy (natural gas, electricity) and intelligent control technology. Through energy cascade utilization, dynamic load matching and AI optimization scheduling, the heating system can be low-carbon, intelligent and efficient throughout its life cycle.

2. Integration and application of clean energy

Renewable energy dominance: using solar thermal, ground source heat pump, air source heat pump and other technologies to reduce dependence on fossil energy;
Waste heat resource recovery: capturing industrial waste heat, data center waste heat, etc., and improving energy utilization through heat pump or heat exchange technology;
Hydrogen energy/energy storage coupling: exploring hydrogen energy heating and electrochemical energy storage technology to cope with the volatility of renewable energy.

3. Enabling path of intelligent technology

Internet of Things (IoT) perception layer: deploy intelligent sensors to monitor user-side temperature, flow and pipe network status in real time;
Big data and AI decision-making: predict load demand based on machine learning algorithms and dynamically adjust energy supply strategies;
Digital twin platform: build a virtual heating system model to achieve fault prediction, energy efficiency optimization and remote operation and maintenance.

4. Implementation mechanism of efficient heating

Heat network optimization: reduce pipe network transmission and distribution losses through distributed variable frequency pump stations and hydraulic balance regulation technology;
Precise control on the user side: adopt household metering and room temperature compensation devices, combined with demand response (DR) strategies to achieve on-demand heating;
Energy cascade utilization: according to the laws of thermodynamics, high-temperature heat sources are used for industrial production, and low-temperature waste heat is used for civil heating.

5. Typical application scenarios

Northern centralized heating area: Replace coal-fired boilers with an integrated "wind, solar and heat storage" system to reduce carbon emissions;
Southern decentralized heating area: Promote air source heat pumps + solar energy auxiliary heating to meet personalized needs;
Industrial park: Build a "cold, heat and electricity trigeneration" integrated energy station to achieve energy recycling.

6. Challenges and future trends

Technical bottlenecks: The complex control of multi-energy complementary systems and the economic efficiency of energy storage technology still need to be broken through;
Policy drive: Carbon trading mechanism and renewable energy quota system accelerate market transformation;
Innovation direction: Blockchain technology enables energy trading, hydrogen-based fuel and heat pump coupling heating technology.

Conclusion

The multi-energy smart heating system is the intersection of the energy revolution and the digital revolution. Through clean energy substitution, intelligent management upgrades, and efficient operation optimization, it provides a key path for the reconstruction of the urban heating system under the "dual carbon" goal, marking the paradigm shift of the heating industry from "scale expansion" to "quality leap".

As a core component of modern manufacturing, the robotic automated production line realizes the automation, intelligence and efficiency of the production process by integrating advanced technologies such as industrial robots, sensors, and control systems. Its application areas cover multiple industries such as automobile manufacturing, electronic assembly, and food processing, significantly improving production efficiency, product quality, and resource utilization. This article will systematically analyze the robotic automated production line from the aspects of technical principles, application fields, and development trends, and combine typical cases to demonstrate its technical advantages and economic value.

1. Technical principles of robotic automated production lines

Core equipment and system composition
The robotic automated production line uses industrial robots as the core execution unit, combined with sensors, control systems, and material conveying systems to form a complete production closed loop. Taking the smoke hood riveting and labeling line of the smoke machine as an example, the production line uses 3 six-axis robots, 4 four-axis SCARA robots, and 3D visual disordered grasping technology to realize the automation of the entire process such as smoke hood riveting, oil cup corner riveting, and laser marking. The system integrates conveyor belts, mechanical positioning mechanisms, automatic label stripping machines, automatic labeling machines, and other equipment to form an efficient and collaborative production network.
Key technical support
(1) Precision positioning technology: Accurate calculation of robot joint angle, speed and acceleration parameters to ensure that the motion trajectory error is controlled at the micron level.
(2) Sensor fusion technology: Visual sensors and force sensors collect environmental information in real time, and cooperate with data processing algorithms to realize dynamic path planning.
(3) Intelligent control system: Based on the distributed control architecture of PLC and industrial computer, it supports multi-robot collaborative operation and real-time fault diagnosis.
Flexible production capacity
Robot programming languages ​​(such as RB and RAPID) support rapid task reconstruction, and can adapt to the grasping and assembly of workpieces of different specifications in conjunction with the visual recognition system. For example, the stamping automation production line can achieve flexible switching from automobile panels to home appliance sheet metal parts by replacing the robot end picker.

2. Application fields of robot automation production line

Automobile manufacturing
In welding, spraying, assembly and other links, the robot automation production line realizes high-speed continuous production. Taking the stamping automation production line as an example, a single six-axis robot combined with destacking system, sheet metal cleaning machine and other equipment can achieve a production cycle of 12 pieces/min, significantly improving the production efficiency of body panels.
Electronic assembly
Precision robot end effectors can complete the placement and inspection of micron-level components. An electronic manufacturing company reduced the defective rate of mobile phone motherboard patches from 0.3% to 0.05% by introducing visual guidance robots.
Food processing
Robots are used in combination with aseptic design to automate food sorting and packaging. A dairy company uses collaborative robots to pack liquid milk, increasing production capacity by 40% while reducing the risk of contamination caused by manual contact.
Customized production
Through modular design and digital twin technology, robot automation production lines can quickly respond to personalized order requirements. A heavy machinery company optimized the production line layout through virtual simulation and shortened the production cycle of non-standard products by 30%.

3. Typical cases of robot automation production lines

Hood riveting and labeling line for smoke exhaust hoods
The production line is 13 meters long and integrates riveting, labeling, laser marking and other processes to achieve full process automation from raw material loading to finished product off-line. The production cycle is increased from 55 seconds to 25 seconds, the number of personnel required is reduced from 8 to 1, and the yield rate exceeds 98%, significantly reducing labor costs and quality fluctuation risks.
Fully automated production line for heavy-duty robots
The first heavy-duty robot production line in China was put into operation in Foshan, Guangdong, realizing the closed-loop manufacturing of "robots producing robots". The production line uses seven-axis robots and high-precision force control technology. The load capacity of a single device reaches 1.5 tons, and the repeat positioning accuracy is ±0.05mm, providing technical support for high-end equipment manufacturing.
Automated stamping production line
An automotive parts company introduced a robot stamping automation line, integrating equipment such as depalletizing, cleaning, oiling, centering, and stacking, with a production cycle of 12 pieces/min. Through the optical centering platform and visual recognition system, the sheet utilization rate is increased to 92%, and energy consumption is reduced by 18%.

4. Development trend of robot automated production line

Intelligent upgrade
The integration of artificial intelligence algorithms and digital twin technology enables the production line to have self-learning and optimization capabilities. For example, through deep learning to predict equipment failures, preventive maintenance can be achieved; using digital twins to simulate production parameter adjustments, shortening the process verification cycle.
Green transformation
The application of energy-saving motors and lightweight materials reduces the energy consumption of production lines; waste recycling systems and waste heat utilization devices improve resource utilization. A new energy battery company has saved 1.2 million kWh of electricity per year on a single production line by optimizing the robot's motion trajectory.

Deepening human-machine collaboration
The combination of collaborative robots (Cobot) and augmented reality (AR) technology realizes safe integration of man and machine. Workers get real-time operation guidance through AR glasses, and robots adjust the operation path according to human motion intentions to improve the efficiency of complex assembly tasks.

Global networked collaboration
5G communication and edge computing technologies support multinational companies to achieve real-time sharing of production line data. For example, a multinational automobile company uses a cloud platform to uniformly dispatch robot production lines in 12 production bases around the world to achieve dynamic balance of production capacity.

Conclusion

As the core carrier of intelligent manufacturing, robot automation production lines are driving the transformation of manufacturing industry towards efficiency, flexibility and greenness. Its technological breakthroughs are not only reflected in the improvement of single-machine performance, but also in the enhancement of system integration and intelligent decision-making capabilities. In the future, with the deep integration of technologies such as artificial intelligence and digital twins, robot automation production lines will further release production potential and provide key support for the high-quality development of the global manufacturing industry.

In today's rapidly developing industrial sector, the 75-ton medium-temperature and medium-pressure boiler has become an important power equipment chosen by many companies due to its high efficiency and environmental protection features. This article will introduce in detail the technical specifications, application areas, and outstanding contributions of 75-ton medium-temperature and medium-pressure boilers in environmental protection, providing valuable reference for corporate decision-makers.

1. Technical Specifications

The 75-ton medium-temperature, medium-pressure boiler plays a vital role in industrial production thanks to its unique technical advantages. Its main technical parameters include a rated evaporation capacity of 75 tons/hour, a rated steam pressure within the medium pressure range (typically 3.82 MPa), and a rated steam temperature maintained at an appropriate medium temperature level (e.g., 450°C). This type of boiler not only boasts excellent thermal efficiency (typically between 86% and 90%) but also extremely high combustion efficiency, reaching 97% to 99%.

The boiler adopts advanced circulating fluidized bed combustion technology, which can efficiently and stably burn various types of coal-based fuels and biomass pellets. This technical feature enables the 75-ton medium-temperature, medium-pressure boiler to achieve excellent fuel adaptability, effectively reducing the company's fuel costs. At the same time, circulating fluidized bed combustion technology also provides good desulfurization and denitrification effects, further improving the boiler's environmental performance.

2. Application Areas

75-ton medium-temperature and medium-pressure boilers are widely used in thermal power plants, chemical plants, thermal power companies, and other industrial sectors. In thermal power plants, the boiler serves as an important heat conversion device, providing a stable and reliable steam supply for the generator set. In chemical plants, it is used for heating and steam supply in various chemical reaction processes. In addition, in thermal power companies, the 75-ton medium-temperature and medium-pressure boiler is an important component of the city's centralized heating system, providing heat to thousands of households.

3. Contribution to Environmental Protection

As the country's environmental protection requirements become increasingly stringent, the environmental protection performance of 75-ton medium-temperature and medium-pressure boilers is becoming increasingly important. Thanks to advanced desulfurization and denitrification technology, the boiler can significantly reduce the content of harmful gases such as SO2 and NOx in the flue gas, thereby reducing pollution to the atmospheric environment. It is estimated that the content of harmful gases such as SO2 and NOx in the exhaust fumes can be reduced by about 80 to 90%. This data not only meets national emission standards, but is also far lower than similar limit standards in the European Union, Japan and other countries. In addition, the 75-ton medium-temperature and medium-pressure boiler also offers excellent energy-saving effects. By optimizing the boiler structure and combustion system, the boiler can reduce energy consumption and improve thermal efficiency, thereby saving significant energy costs for the company. At the same time, the boiler exhaust temperature is also effectively controlled, thereby reducing heat loss and waste.

4. Market Outlook

With the continued advancement of the country's environmental protection, energy conservation, and emission reduction policies, and the growing demand for high-efficiency and environmentally friendly power equipment in the industrial sector, the market outlook for 75-ton medium-temperature and medium-pressure boilers is very broad. In the future, this boiler will continue to play an important role in industrial fields such as thermal power generation, the chemical industry, and thermal energy, providing strong support for the sustainable development of enterprises.

5. Conclusion

The 75-ton medium-temperature, medium-pressure boiler has become an indispensable piece of electrical equipment in the industrial sector, thanks to its technical advantages such as high efficiency, environmental protection, and energy saving. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology and the continued development of the market, this boiler will bring more economic and social benefits to enterprises. At the same time, we also hope that more companies will choose and use this efficient and environmentally friendly boiler equipment to jointly promote green development in the industrial sector.

With the country's high attention to environmental protection and energy conservation and emission reduction, the boiler industry is undergoing profound changes. On March 21, 2025, it is necessary for us to sort out and introduce the latest knowledge in the field of boilers to help readers better understand the development trends and technological frontiers of this industry.

1. Green transformation of the boiler industry

Driven by environmental protection policies, coal-fired boilers, especially small-capacity coal-fired industrial boilers, are gradually withdrawing from the market, while the market share of clean energy boilers such as gas boilers and electric boilers has increased significantly. This trend not only reflects the industry's increasing attention to environmental protection and energy efficiency, but also conforms to the direction of the country's energy conservation and emission reduction policies. In the future, boiler companies need to adapt to these changes, especially in the three heating modes of centralized heating, distributed heating, and a combination of centralized and distributed heating, focusing on energy conservation, environmental protection, new energy utilization, and information integration.

Energy-saving technology: Through research and development, transformation and integrated innovation, key new technologies with independent intellectual property rights are developed, such as high-efficiency combustion technology, waste heat recovery technology, etc., to improve the thermal efficiency of boilers. These technologies have been successfully applied in power industry projects and have been widely recognized.
Environmental protection technology: While meeting the demand for heating, reduce pollution to the environment. For example, develop low-nitrogen combustion technology, flue gas purification technology, etc. to reduce emission standards.
New energy utilization: Use renewable energy such as solar energy and wind energy to develop new energy systems suitable for boilers, such as solar thermal collection systems, wind power generation systems, etc.
Information integration: Combine information technology with boiler technology to achieve intelligent and automated control. For example, through the AI ​​intelligent boiler management system, remote monitoring and intelligent scheduling of boilers can be achieved.

2. The latest development of boiler safety technology

As a special equipment, the safety technology of boilers has always attracted much attention. With the continuous advancement of technology, boiler safety technology has also been significantly improved.

Design documents and manufacturing licenses: Design documents that have not been authoritatively authenticated must not be used to manufacture and install boilers. Boiler manufacturing units must obtain the "Special Equipment Production License", and units engaged in boiler installation, modification, and maintenance must also have the corresponding qualifications.
Boiler registration and filing: Before the boiler is officially put into use, it must be registered with the local special equipment safety supervision agency, and after review and approval, the file will be filed to ensure the legal and compliant use of the boiler.
Personnel training and certification: Key personnel such as boiler operators and water quality testers must receive professional safety and technical training and can only take up their posts after passing the assessment.
Configuration of safety valves and pressure gauges: Each boiler should be equipped with at least two safety valves, which are installed in key parts such as the drum and superheater. The accuracy of the pressure gauge should be selected according to the boiler grade, and the range should be determined according to the working pressure.
Verification and maintenance of safety valves: The safety valves of boilers in use should be calibrated at least once a year, and the calibration should generally be carried out when the boiler is in operation. The calibrated safety valves should be locked or sealed to prevent others from tampering with them.

3. The latest trends in the boiler market

Technological innovation improves energy efficiency: With the continuous advancement of technology, the energy efficiency of boilers is also constantly improving. By adopting innovative technologies such as high-efficiency combustion technology and waste heat recovery technology, the thermal efficiency of boilers has been significantly improved.
Market demand remains prosperous: According to the investor relations activity record sheet released by Changbao Co., Ltd., the boiler pipe industry currently maintains a prosperous market demand, and it is expected that this trend will continue in 2025. This is mainly due to the wide application in thermal power, industrial boilers, central heating and other fields, as well as the demand for thermal energy provided by steam in many industrial sub-sectors such as chemical, metallurgical, papermaking, and building materials.
Policies promote green and low-carbon development: The government has introduced a series of policies to promote the green and low-carbon development of the boiler industry. For example, the "Action Plan for Green, Low-Carbon and High-Quality Development of Boilers" clearly puts forward the goal of improving the average operating thermal efficiency of industrial boilers and power station boilers by 2025.
In summary, the boiler industry has made significant progress in green transformation, safety technology development and market trends. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology and the continuous promotion of policies, the boiler industry will usher in a broader development prospect.